Quartz flexible accelerometer, as the main type of accelerometer used to measure the acceleration of the carrier, is a very important inertial device. Although the trajectory of the object can be obtained by measuring the acceleration, speed or position in the navigation and positioning of various carriers, the quartz flexible accelerometer is of great significance for inertial navigation technology because only the acceleration can be measured inside the moving object.
Quartz flexible accelerometer working principle
It is mainly composed of up and down torquers, pendulum components and servo circuits. The coil is bonded with the quartz pendulum by adhesive method, and the coil skeleton and pendulum constitute the pendulum component to realize the function of detecting the quality and sensitive to the external input acceleration.The torquer is composed of yoke iron, magnetic steel, magnetic pole plate and compensation ring, in which the magnetic steel selects a suitable permanent magnet material to form a permanent magnet to establish a magnetic field, the yoke iron and the magnetic pole plate make the magnetic field form a magnetic loop along the yoke iron, and the compensation ring compensates the magnetic leakage. The upper and lower torquer adopts the same pole to the top structure to achieve the push pull mode, and the upper and lower torquer and the pendulum plate are fixed as a whole through the stomach belt.
When the external acceleration is input, the pendulum will leave the equilibrium position under the action of inertia force. At this time, the differential capacitance value composed of the upper and lower surface of the pendulum plate and the upper and lower torque end face will change, and this electrical signal is output to the servo circuit through the terminal. The amplified current signal is output to the coil, and the pendulum is restored to the equilibrium position by push-pull action using the ampere force of the energized wire in the magnetic field. When the deflection Angle of the pendulum is very small, the current is approximately linear with the input acceleration. At this time, the input acceleration can be obtained by detecting the current.
The application of quartz flexible accelerometer is very wide, the following are some typical applications of it.
Inertial navigation and guidance system
Missiles, aircraft, ships, combat vehicles, and other navigation guidance systems must have speed and position information. In low-requirement situations, people use airspeed meters, Mach number sensors, odometers, etc., but as the performance requirements of weapon systems Improve, the above instruments can no longer meet the requirements. The linear accelerometer can be installed in a moving object to measure its acceleration directly, and then obtain the speed and position. It has high measurement accuracy and good dynamic performance, which is much better than the air speed meter and odometer. Therefore, the use of linear accelerometers for inertial navigation guidance systems is one of its main applications.
Tilt measurement and leveling system
In a gravitational field, a linear accelerometer can measure changes in gravitational acceleration. When the sensitive axis is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, the accelerometer indicates the unit gravity acceleration; if the sensitive axis is tilted, its output is the product of the gravity acceleration and the sine function of the tilt angle. Using this principle, it can be used for tilt measurement and leveling. For example, the leveling of fire control gun sight radar and anti-aircraft radar; in addition, the tilt angle is controlled by measuring the lateral acceleration of trains and cars so that they can still drive at high speeds on curves.
Overload switch
The overload switch is used in the bullet throwing system of the missile. In this system, the trajectory of the mother bullet is calculated and set when it reaches the desired height. The overload switch mounted on the ammunition is sensitive to the axial acceleration of the mother bullet. When the preset acceleration is reached, the overload switch outputs a bullet discharge control signal, ignites the projectile, and causes the bullet to be ejected from the mother bullet. Multiple bullets head toward the target like a net made of bombs, leaving the target nowhere to hide. It is a powerful weapon against enemy positions and large equipment.
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