The Gyrotheodolite is Precisely Oriented

According to the structure and development stage of the instrument, the gyrotheodolite can be divided into three types: liquid floating type, off-shelf suspension and on-shelf suspension type. The structure of the liquid floating gyro theodolite is characterized by the gyro rotor installed in a closed spherical float and the use of liquid. Floating electron magnetic center, gyrorotor driven by air compression turbine three-phase AC motor power supply, a set of instruments weighing hundreds of kilograms, a orientation takes a few hours, gyro azimuth one. The error of the second measurement is 1~ 2.This was an early type of gyro theodolite.

The pendent gyro theodolite is suspended under the hollow axis of theodolite by a metal pendent belt, and the upper end of the pendent belt is firmly connected with the shell of the theodolite. It adopts direct power supply mode with guide wire, with portable battery and crystal converter. Compared with the liquid floating type, the underframe gyro theodolite has a leap improvement in orientation accuracy, orientation time, weight and volume of the instrument.

Compared with the liquid floating type, the underframe gyro theodolite has a leap improvement in orientation accuracy, orientation time, weight and volume of the instrument. The structural characteristics of the overhead gyrotheodolite are that the gyrorotor (mounted in the gyroroom) is suspended at the top of the sensitive part with a wire suspension belt, and the sensitive part can be stably connected to the metal bridge bracket at the top of the transverse axis of the theodolite (the bracket needs to be made and installed in advance), which can be removed when not in use, that is to say, the sensitive part is actually equivalent to an accessory of the theodolite. This is an improvement in the instrument towards greater ease of use.

The measurement of azimuth of directional edge determined by gyrotheodolite is referred to as gyroscopic orientation.At present, the following three methods are often used for precise orientation of gyrotheodolite

(1) tracking reversal point method (2) transit method (3) gyro stationary position method

Here we introduce the tracking reversal point method commonly used in our country.When the gyro theodolite USES the tracking reversal point method to conduct orientation at a measuring point, its operation procedure is roughly as follows:

(1) strictly set the theodolite and the gyro on the rack, and measure the direction of the measuring line with one measuring back, and then roughly set the instrument to the north;

(2) to lower the sensitive part to make zero-position observation before measurement;

(3) rough orientation, which can be completed by the attachment rough orientation compass, but also can be completed by the two-point reversal point method, quarter-cycle method and swing amplitude method.

(4) when the theodolite rotates to the position of coarse orientation, start the gyro, slowly lower down the sensitive part of the gyro after reaching the rated speed, limit the amplitude, and track with the micro-motion spiral.Tracking should be smooth and continuous.Do not track in time, sometimes behind the sensitive part of the swing, sometimes quickly catch up or more than a lot.Because these conditions affect the accuracy of the results.When the swing reaches the reversal point, five consecutive reversal point readings U1U2U3U4U5 are read

(5) lock the gyro and brake, and make zero-position observation after measurement;

(6) the direction value of the measuring line is determined by one measuring loop. When the mutual difference between the two measuring loops conforms to the limit difference, the average value is taken as the direction value of the measuring loop.Directional edge coordinate direction Angle calculation steps are as follows: gyroscope azimuth = line direction value - gyro north direction geographical azimuth = gyroscope azimuth + apparatus constant coordinate azimuth = geographical azimuth - meridian convergence Angle instrument constants can be known in azimuth wires or triangle point measurement, press type calculation available at the time of the measuring instrument constants geographical azimuth,

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